Power Substation Books & Guidelines

An electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an #electricity #generation, #transmission and #distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low or the reverse…

Electricity Generation

An electrical #substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low or the reverse using #transformers. Electric #power may flow through several substations between generating #plant and consumer, and may be changed in voltage in several steps.

A substation that has a #step-up transformer increases the #voltage while decreasing the #current, while a #step-down transformer decreases the voltage while increasing the current for domestic and commercial distribution. The word substation comes from the days before the distribution system became a grid.

The first substations were connected to only one #powerstation where the generator was housed, and were subsidiaries of that power station

Equipment in Substation

Substations generally have switching, #protection and #control #equipment and one or more transformers. In a large substation, #circuibreakers are used to interrupt any #short-circuits or #overload currents that may occur on the #network. Smaller distribution stations may use recloser circuit breakers or #fuses for protection of distribution circuits. Substations do not usually have generators, although a #powerplant may have a substation nearby.

Other devices such as #powerfactor #correction #capacitors and voltage #regulators may also be located at a substation.

High-rise buildings may have several indoor substations. Indoor substations are usually found in urban areas to reduce the noise from the transformers, for reasons of appearance, or to protect #switchgear from extreme #climate or #pollution conditions.

Where a substation has a metallic fence, it must be properly grounded (UK: earthed) to protect people from high voltages that may occur during a fault in the network. #Earth faults at a substation can cause a #ground potential rise. Currents flowing in the Earth’s surface during a fault can cause metal objects to have a significantly different voltage than the ground under a person’s feet; this #touch potential presents a hazard of #electrocution.

All documents, EE #software and EE #Books & #Guidelines are free to download.

1. Answering Substation Automation Questions Through Fault Tree Analysis

2. Applying an Ethernet LAN in a Substation

3. Power Plant Accoustic

4. Power Transformer Maintenance And Acceptance Testing

5. Selecting Energy Efficient Distribution Transformers

6. MV-LV transformer substations – theory and examples of short-circuit calculation

7. Electric Power Substations Engineering

8. Implementation of IEC61850 in a Substation Environment

9. Design Guide for Rural Substations

10. Guide To Forms Of Separation In LV SwitchGear and ControlGear

11. Factory Acceptance Test (FAT) procedure

12. Best Practice Manual For Transformers

13. Schneider Electric – Low Voltage Switchboard Inspection Guide

14. Difference Between Switchgear and Switchboard

15. Protection of Electrical Networks

16. Technical Guideline For Interconnection Of Generators To The Distribution System

17. Power transformer – testing procedures

18. Electric Power Applications, Engine and Generator Sizing

19. Megger – Fault Finding Solutions

20. Electric Distribution Load Characteristics

21. Power Plant Practices to Ensure Cable Operability

22. Substation Design Application Guide

23. XLPE Underground Cable Systems

24. Guidlines for substation service inspection & condition monitoring

25. Using of Latched Contactors to Switch Transformers

26. Installation, Operation, and Maintenance of Medium Power Substation Transformers

27. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Types

28. High Voltage Techniques Course

29. Real-time Monitoring and assessment of CB operations for diagnostics and control applications

30. Capacitor Application Issues

31. Medium Voltage Switching Devices Selection for application and purpose

32. Preventive maintenance and reliability of LV overcurrent protective devices

33. ABB – SF6 or Vacuum MV Circuit Breaker?

34. Why Is Arc Detection Important?

35. DC Transmission and Distribution

36. Underground Power Transmission Lines

37. Test Guide for Cast Resin Dry Type Transformer – TRIHAL

38. Low Voltage Switchgear and Controlgear – Technical Document (Allen-Bradley)

39. Transformer Differential Protection Scheme With Internal Faults Detection Algorithm

40. Grounding Systems

41. Insulator Pollution In Transmission Lines

42. Transformers Basics, Maintenance and Diagnostics

43. Guidelines For Earthing In Maritime Installations – Norwegian Electrical Safety Directorate

44. Fixed or withdrawable MV switchgear?

45. Power System Earthing Guide

46. Ground Fault Protection Technical Guide

47. Introduction to IEC 61439 – A new standard on Switchgear and Controlgear Assemblies

48. Commissioning of HT Electrical System

49. Electrical design of the on-site generation system

50. Safety operations on medium voltage switchgear